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Topic: "GUARANTEED" Passengers and ASSISTED Passengers to New Zealand - 1871 (Read 287 times)
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Gerry_R
RootsChat Extra
Posts: 67
Census information Crown Copyright, from www.nationalarchives.gov.uk
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My G-Grandfather, Thomas Osborn Wills JENNINGs, a shoemaker from Tottenham, migrated to New Zealand with his wife and young family. They left Gravesend on 18 May 1871 on board the Shun Lee, arriving at Port Chalmers on 26 Aug 1871, and were listed as "Guaranteed" passengers - http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~ourstuff/ShunLee.htm
I understand that New Zealand was seeking to increase its population at the time, and paid the way for some classes of immigrants, such as young single women, and agricultural workers. But can anyone explain the difference between "Guaranteed" and "Assisted" passengers, please?
I have previously posted my query on a RootsChat board dealing with immigration generally, and received a few responses which have been helpful, but a couple of respondents suggested I try the New Zealand board. One of the respondents advised that immigrants were being brought out to boost the numbers in the militia at the time of my ancestors' voyage. Whatever brought the family to New Zealand, it did not hold them for very long as they left for Melbourne, Australia around mid-1872. I believe they travelled on the s.s. Omeo, although I haven't been able to find a passenger list to confirm that. They were in Melbourne by mid-1872 by some means, if not the Omeo.
I hope someone can clarify the "Guaranteed" status that brought them from England. If ayone can help with any information on their time in New Zealand, that would be wonderful!
Gerry
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Jennings/Jenness (Norwich); Jennings (Victoria, Australia); Farrow (Middlesex); Pye (Devon); Service (N Ireland); Hollinger (N Ireland); Rohan and Buckley (Co Cork, Ireland); Rohan (Victoria, Aust.); Keating (Co Clare, Ireland); Lewis and Baldwin (West Aust); Baird and Davidson/Smith (East Lothian, Sco.); Jack and Watson (Banffshire, Sco.); Bostock (Middlesex);
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althea
RootsChat Aristocrat
Posts: 1852
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The archives refrence guide gives a good explaination of the different schemes
http://archives.govt.nz/sites/default/files/Migration_-_A33044.pdf
Some had to pay back money etc..
BYe
Althea
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Pascoe, Williams, Rowe, Matthews, Eddy: St Just-in-Penwith, St Keverne, Cornwall. Varcoe, Collicoat, Chapman: Roche area,Cornwall Cornes & Graham: Ireland/Shropshire, Barker, Palin: Shropshire McDougall, Morren: Ireland, Earl, Redgen, Steward: Suffolk Info: Thames, New Zealand Genealogy Resources: http://freepages.history.rootsweb.com/~althea/index.htmlNZSG Mem#18951 CFHS Mem#13723 Info: Breage, Germoe & Godolphin Cornwall : http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~althea/index.html |
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nigelo
RootsChat Extra
Posts: 69
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Not sure these links will give you the exact answer, but they will certainly give you a better feel for what was going on with immigration policies at the time:
http://www.teara.govt.nz/en/history-of-immigration
http://www.parliament.nz/en-NZ/ParlSupport/ResearchPapers/6/2/8/00PLSocRP08011-Immigration-chronology-selected-events-1840-2008.htm
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OSBORNE, WAGHORN, LEDGER, DRURY, SMITHERMAN, TYLER, HUMPHREY, RABBITT, STAPLEY, BATT, WENMAN, SANDS, BUSS, QUINN, GARNETT
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Lucy2
RootsChat Marquessate
Posts: 3322
Census information Crown Copyright, from www.nationalarchives.gov.uk
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Hi Gerry
"GUARANTEED" Passengers :
This question has been asked previously on the New Zealand board, though quite some time ago. I've been unable to locate the particular thread, however I'll endeavour to answer, from what I recall.
"Guaranteed" (pertaining to passengers), in fact had two meanings :
* This was a term used by a small number of the shipping lines to "identify" emigrants who had paid their fares in full, before the commencement of the voyage. [And in some cases these persons were additionally required to meet the costs of provisions needed for the journey! ] Generally they would have been those who did not meet the criteria set for assisted passages to NZ, but by virtue of the fact that they "paid in advance", they were "guaranteed" passage to the colony.
[Actually, the word "guaranteed" doesn't crop up a lot on the old passenger lists. Sometimes the term "unassisted" is seen, but otherwise those paying their own way are usually identified by being among persons listed as "cabin" passengers.]
* Some of the special groups of emigrants, whose costs were fully met by provincial governments, were also listed as "guaranteed passengers".
Lu
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Koromo
RootsChat Aristocrat
Posts: 1812
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Following on from Lu's ideas, I wondered about the Brogdens' Recruits. Brogden and Sons (in England) were contracted by the NZ Govt to provide the equipment and manpower to build railways in NZ. They paid the Govt ten pounds passage money per adult, which was then recouped from the passengers in promissory notes to be paid after they had started working.
But apparently the first Brogdens' workers arrived in 1872, according to 'The Farthest Promised Land — English Villagers, New Zealand Immigrants of the 1870s,' which is a year after the JENNINGs' arrival:
http://www.nzetc.org/tm/scholarly/tei-ArnFart-c1.html
Koromo
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Census information is Crown copyright from www.nationalarchives.gov.uk________________________________________________________________ Lewis: Abergavenny | London | NZ | Chilliwack, BC Stallworthy: Bucks | Samoa | NZ | Canada Brothers: Nottingham | Salford | NZ Gronous: Kington | London Darling: Dunbar | Tahiti Keat: Cornwall | NZ Bowles: Deal | NZ Coaney: Bucks Jones: Brecon  |
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Gerry_R
RootsChat Extra
Posts: 67
Census information Crown Copyright, from www.nationalarchives.gov.uk
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Hi Lu and Koromo,
Thank you both for your thoughts! The question, and the possible explanations, is proving even more interesting than I would ever have thought!
Lu, the possibility that my G-Grandfather guaranteed his family's fare suggests an explanation for their short stay - it just could be a case of "fare evasion" when they left for Melbourne after little more than 8 months in New Zealand doing whatever they were doing. As Thomas resumed his trade of shoemaker soon after arriving in Melbourne, I guess that it is more likely than not that he would have tried to ply the same trade in New Zealand. Not ruling out other possibilities, of course, including railway building and militia.
Many thanks,
Regards, Gerry
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Jennings/Jenness (Norwich); Jennings (Victoria, Australia); Farrow (Middlesex); Pye (Devon); Service (N Ireland); Hollinger (N Ireland); Rohan and Buckley (Co Cork, Ireland); Rohan (Victoria, Aust.); Keating (Co Clare, Ireland); Lewis and Baldwin (West Aust); Baird and Davidson/Smith (East Lothian, Sco.); Jack and Watson (Banffshire, Sco.); Bostock (Middlesex);
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