Author Topic: A GUIDE TO BURIALS IN ESSEX  (Read 69427 times)

Offline Valda

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A GUIDE TO BURIALS IN ESSEX
« Reply #9 on: Saturday 09 April 11 12:18 BST (UK) »

A GUIDE TO BURIALS IN ESSEX





CIVIC CEMETERIES




CEMETERIES IN MODERN DAY ESSEX BOROUGH AND DISTRICT COUNCILS





UTTLESFORD DISTRICT COUNCIL   
The Council does not directly provide any public cemeteries. The administration of the cemetery in Saffron Waldron was transferred to the town council in 2010.


ASHDON PARISH COUNCIL

Ashdon Cemetery, Church End, Ashdon CB10 (1878)


ELSENHAM PARISH COUNCIL

Elsenham Cemetery, High Street, Elsenham CM22 (1902?)


GREAT DUNMOW TOWN COUNCIL

Great Dunmow Town Council Cemetery, Church Street Great Dunmow CM6 (2001)


SAFFRON WALDRON TOWN COUNCIL

Radwinter Road Cemetery, Radwinter Road, Saffron Waldron CB11 (1857)
ONLINE DATABASE at the website of the Recorders of Uttlesford


STANSTED MOUNTFITCHET PARISH COUNCIL

Stansted Mountfitchet Cemetery, Church Road, Stanstead Mountfitchet CM24 (1956)






CEMETERIES IN THE TWO UNITARY AUTHORITES (formerly part of historic Essex)




SOUTHEND-ON-SEA

Leigh Cemetery, London Road, Leigh-on-Sea SS9 (1882)

North Road Burial Ground, North Road, (Prittlewell Cemetery) Westcliff-on-Sea SS0 (1881)

Sutton Road Cemetery and Crematorium, Sutton Road, Southend-on-Sea SS2 (1900 - crematorium 1953)




THURROCK

Chadwell-St-Mary Cemetery, Brentwood Road, Chadwell St Mary RM16 (1925)

Corringham Cemetery, Fobbing Road, Corringham SS17 (1930)

Grays New Cemetery, Chadwell Road, Grays RM17 (1888)

Grays Old Cemetery, High Street, Grays RM17 (1866)

North Stifford Cemetery, High Road, North Stifford RM16 (1901)

South Ockendon Cemetery, South Road, South Ockendon RM15 (1904)





Census information is Crown Copyright, from www.nationalarchives.gov.uk

Offline Valda

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A GUIDE TO BURIALS IN ESSEX
« Reply #10 on: Saturday 09 April 11 12:42 BST (UK) »

A GUIDE TO BURIALS IN ESSEX




CIVIC CEMETERIES





CEMETERIES IN THE FIVE LONDON BOROUGHS (formerly part of historic Essex until 1965)



In 1965 areas of the county of Essex became part of Greater London forming five modern London boroughs.


BARKING AND DAGENHAM

The municipal boroughs of Barking and Dagenham (most) from Essex

HAVERING

The urban district of Hornchurch and the municipal borough of Havering from Essex

NEWHAM
 
The county boroughs of East and West Ham, and a small area of the municipal borough of Barking from Essex and North Woolwich from the metropolitan borough of Woolwich formerly in Kent

REDBRIDGE

The municipal boroughs of Ilford, Wanstead and Woodford, a part of the municipal borough of Dagenham and a part of the urban district of Chigwell from Essex

WALTHAM FOREST
The municipal boroughs of Chingford, Leyton and Waltham from Essex




BARKING AND DAGENHAM
ONLINE DATABASE for all Barking and Dagenham cemetery records.
 
Chadwell Heath Cemetery, Whalebone Lane North, Dagenham RM6 (1914)

Eastbrook End Cemetery, (known as Becontree Cemetery) The Chase, Dagenham RM10 (1934)

Rippleside Cemetery, Ripple Road, Barking IG11 (1886)

BARKING AND DAGENHAM LOCAL STUDIES CENTRE holds a list of burials 1886-1902 searchable by surname




HAVERING

Hornchurch Cemetery, Upminster Road, Hornchurch RM11 (1932)

Rainham Cemetery, Upminster Road North, Rainham RM13 (1872)

Romford Cemetery, Crow Lane, Romford RM7 (1871)
East of London Family History Society CEMETERY BURIAL INDEX 1871-1953 on CD

Upminster Cemetery, Ockenden Road, Upminster (1902) and South Essex Crematorium RM14 (1957)

DECEASED ONLINE is a pay as you view indexed database of burials and cremations to which the London Borough of Havering has contributed cemetery records. COVERAGE of Havering cemetery registers so far



 
NEWHAM

West Ham Cemetery, Cemetery Road, E7 (1854)

DECEASED ONLINE is a pay as you view indexed database of burials and cremations to which the London Borough of Newham has contributed cemetery records. COVERAGE of Newham Cemetery registers so far


CEMETERY AND CREMATORIUM MANAGED BY THE CITY OF LONDON WITHIN THE BOROUGH OF NEWHAM

See the City of London for further information on City of London Cemetery and Crematorium, Aldersbrook Road, Manor Park E12 (1856 – crematorium 1904)



INDEPENDENTLY MANAGED CEMETERIES WITHIN THE LONDON BOROUGH OF NEWHAM


East London Cemetery, Grange Road, Plaistow E13 (1872 – crematorium 1964)
Present owners DIGNITY

Manor Park Cemetery, Serbert Road, E7 (1874)
Present owners MANOR PARK CEMETERY AND CREMATORIUM

DECEASED ONLINE is a pay as you view indexed database of burials and cremations to which Manor Park Cemetery has contributed cemetery records. COVERAGE of Manor Park Cemetery registers so far

Woodgrange Park Cemetery, 540 Romford Road, E7 (1889)
Present owners BADGEHURST LTD Fen Lane, Orsett, Grays RM16 3LT
FRIENDS OF WOODGRANGE PARK CEMETERY





Census information is Crown Copyright, from www.nationalarchives.gov.uk

Offline Valda

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A GUIDE TO BURIALS IN ESSEX
« Reply #11 on: Saturday 09 April 11 12:44 BST (UK) »
A GUIDE TO BURIALS IN ESSEX





CIVIC CEMETERIES




CEMETERIES IN THE FIVE LONDON BOROUGHS (formerly part of historic Essex until 1965)





REDBRIDGE
The WESTERLEIGH GROUP manage the council's cemeteries.
 
Barkingside Cemetery, Longwood Gardens, Barkingside IG5 (1923) Garden of Rest (1954)

Buckingham Road Cemetery (formerly Great Ilford Cemetery), Buckingham Road, Ilford IG1 (1881)

Roding Lane Cemetery, Roding Lane North, South Woodford, IG8 (1940)



INDEPENDENTLY MANAGED CEMETERIES WITHIN THE LONDON BOROUGH OF REDBRIDGE

Forest Park Cemetery & Crematorium Ltd Forest Road, Hainault IG6 (2005) present owners the WESTERLEIGH GROUP

Gardens of Peace Muslim Cemetery, Elmbridge Road, Hainault IG6 (2002) present owners GARDENS OF PEACE MUSLIM CEMETERY TRUST


 

WALTHAM FOREST

Chingford Mount Cemetery, 121 Old Church Road, E4 (1884)
Registers 1884-1952 at WALTHAM FOREST ARCHIVES post 1953 are at the cemetery.

Transcriptions and images can also be found with a subscription at Ancestry in the "England & Scotland, Select Cemetery Registers, 1800-2016" collection.

Waltham Forest Family History Society has a MONUMENTAL INSCRIPTION project on going for this cemetery

Walthamstow Cemetery, Queen's Road, E17 (1872)
Registers are held at Chingford Mount cemetery
Waltham Forest Family History Society has a MONUMENTAL INSCRIPTION project on going for this cemetery 



INDEPENDENTLY MANAGED CEMETERY WITHIN THE LONDON BOROUGH OF WALTHAM FOREST

St Patrick's Roman Catholic Leytonstone Cemetery, Langthorne Road, Leytonstone E11 4HL (1861)
Registers are at the cemetery with copies held by the CATHOLIC FAMILY HISTORY SOCIETY and the CATHOLIC NATIONAL LIBRARY (including MIs). The East of London Family History Society has produced a CEMETERY BURIAL INDEX 1861-1880 on CD 




Information on individual London cemeteries in the five London boroughs can also be found at EAST OF LONDON FAMILY HISTORY SOCIETY and LONDON GARDENS ONLINE



Information and links to civic cemeteries in other areas of London can be found in the Rootschat GUIDE TO BURIALS IN THE LONDON AREA




Census information is Crown Copyright, from www.nationalarchives.gov.uk

Offline Valda

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A GUIDE TO BURIALS IN ESSEX
« Reply #12 on: Saturday 09 April 11 12:50 BST (UK) »

A GUIDE TO BURIALS IN ESSEX





WHO MIGHT BE MISSING FROM CHURCH OF ENGLAND BURIAL REGISTERS?




UNINTENTIONALLY MISSING


In 1538, a law was passed in England, which required the clergy to keep a record of baptisms, marriages, and burials, which would be recorded every Sunday after services. A further notice was sent out to churches in 1558, but compliance was still not uniform. In 1597 it was required that any existing records should be copied into a book (the parish register). There was some opposition from parish clergy. Some copied what records the parish had amassed into the new register, some copied some of the records and some did nothing starting their parish register from 1598. Not all parish registers survive from this period and because records were rarely written up on the day they occurred, not all events were remembered and written into the registers, particularly in smaller parishes lacking a resident minister.

In 1598, parishes were ordered to make annual returns of their baptisms, marriages, and burials to their local bishop. These are known as Bishops Transcripts and where obligatory up until the mid-nineteenth century. Not all parishes complied with the requirement on a regular basis and not all the transcripts have survived. Where they have, they serve as a useful check against the actual registers themselves. Not all entries in the parish registers are found in the Bishops Transcripts and sometimes records in the BTs are not found in the parish registers.


The English civil war lasted from1641-1651. The country was without a monarchy until the restoration of Charles II in 1660. Parish registers may only be fragmentary throughout this twenty-year period.



Institutions such as workhouses, asylums, and military hospitals often had their own burial grounds, particularly in the nineteenth century. With the building of municipal cemeteries from the 1840s onwards in towns and cities and the growing popularity of cremation, particularly from the twentieth century onwards, most burials and cremations in this country no longer occurred in churchyards, apart from in the more rural areas of England. Memorial services, in more modern times, might be listed in parish church registers if they are held in a church prior to a burial in a municipal cemetery. Such entries usually but not always give the actual burial location. A cremation would rarely be noted in a church burial register unless the ashes were buried in the churchyard later and then an entry should be made in the register.





Census information is Crown Copyright, from www.nationalarchives.gov.uk


Offline Valda

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A GUIDE TO BURIALS IN ESSEX
« Reply #13 on: Saturday 09 April 11 12:55 BST (UK) »

A GUIDE TO BURIALS IN ESSEX




WHO MIGHT BE MISSING FROM CHURCH OF ENGLAND BURIAL REGISTERS?



INTENTIONALLY MISSING



The Church forbade the ceremonial interment of all excommunicated or unbaptized persons as well as suicides, though it was more sympathetic towards those suicides considered ‘bereft of reason’. Non-conformists were entitled to burial in the parish churchyard. The insertion of all such burials in the registers was often only fitful and irregular, though such burials did occur nevertheless.



UNBAPTISED


Unbaptised and stillborn babies can be found intermittently in even the earliest Church of England registers showing they were buried in churchyards, but more likely at the edges and in unconsecrated ground because they were not entitled to the full church rites of burial. Many of these burials went unrecorded in registers.

For parents who have experienced stillbirths this remains quite rightly a very sensitive subject, since attitudes to stillbirths were slow to change until well into the second half of the twentieth century ANSWERS.COM



NON-CONFORMISTS


By 1851, about a quarter of the population was non-conformist. Non-conformists were dissenters who disagreed with the beliefs and practices of the Church of England. They might be Protestants e.g. Presbyterians, Baptists, Methodists, Independents, Congregationalists and Quakers or Roman Catholics. Some non-conformist chapels had their own burial grounds, but burials for many non-conformists still took place in parish churchyards, until the larger towns and cities had established their own municipal cemeteries from the 1840s onwards. In 1880, the Burial Laws Amendment Act allowed for the burial of non-conformists by their own ministers in Anglican churchyards. Where burials did take place in non-conformist burial grounds, the survival rate of these registers, if they ever existed, is much poorer than Church of England registers.

The example below is taken from the ANNOTATED BURIALS AT WESTBURY ON SEVERN 1889 - 1895

In this register, the vicar gave far greater information than the standard requirement for burial registers of the period. In the register is mentioned the service conducted for a man who had committed suicide and the burial of three unnamed non-conformists, demonstrating that in a standard Church of England burial register these would have gone unrecorded


'18 Dec 1890 Memorandum that there had been 3 other persons buried by Sectaries this year whose names are not entered in this book'






Census information is Crown Copyright, from www.nationalarchives.gov.uk

Offline Valda

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A GUIDE TO BURIALS IN ESSEX
« Reply #14 on: Saturday 09 April 11 12:56 BST (UK) »

A GUIDE TO BURIALS IN ESSEX




WHO MIGHT BE MISSING FROM CHURCH OF ENGLAND BURIAL REGISTERS?



INTENTIONALLY MISSING



SUICIDES


Suicide ‘whilst of sound mind’ was considered by the state to be a serious crime. A suicide’s property could be forfeited to the crown. The church considered suicide ‘whilst of sound mind’ a mortal sin. It was customary in England to bury suicides at cross roads, but not infrequently for charity's sake, the body was interred in the graveyard without ceremony. Coroner’s juries were often sympathetic and returned verdicts of ‘suicide while of unsound mind’. Better to be judged mad than a criminal and denied a Christian burial. If the jury returned the rarer verdict of 'felo de se', felon of himself, the suicide was deemed a felon and their property was confiscated.

Though in the context of the suicide of Ophelia in Shakespeare’s play Hamlet, SHAKESPEARE LAW LIBRARY has an informative article on the church’s response to the burials of suicides. 

Penalties against suicides and their families were gradually reduced throughout the nineteenth century. In 1823, the Right to Burial Act allowed for the burial of felo de se suicides in the churchyard. In 1870, the Abolition of Forfeiture Act removed the penalty of forfeiting the suicide’s property to the Crown. No religious ceremony could be obtained for a felo de se until the Burial Laws Amendment Act of 1880, though the full burial service was still denied them and until 1882; the suicide’s body was buried privately between the hours of nine and twelve at night. Under the Suicide Act of 1961, suicide no longer became a crime, though assisting someone to commit suicide still is. The Church of England proposed Book of Common Prayer (1928) began the order for the burial of the dead with this statement.


'Here it is to be noted that the Office ensuing is not to be used for any that die unbaptized, or for any that are excommunicate, or have laid violent hands upon themselves, or in the act of committing any grievous crime.
If question arise as to whether this Office should be used for the burial of any person, reference shall (if time and opportunity permit,) be made to the Bishop, who shall decide the question.'





EXCOMMUNICANTS


The Church of England could excommunicate parishioners for many moral offences, as well as heresy. A modified form of the burial service was available for excommunicants following the Burial Laws Amendment Act of 1880, though this was merely the formalisation of the process where sympathetic clergymen absolved deceased excommunicants and read the normal burial service. Those who were excommunicated because they had committed a grievous crime, if they died unrepentant, would be deprived of the normal burial service. From 1745 onwards the relatives of excommunicants, where necessary, could compel their burial in a churchyard.




CRIMINALS


Taken from THE HISTORY OF JUDICIAL HANGING IN BRITAIN 1735-1964 


‘From 1752 the bodies of executed murderers were not returned to their relatives for burial. Up to 1832, except in a case of murderers where the court had ordered dissection or gibbeting it was usual for the criminal's body to be claimed by friends or relatives for burial. This burial could take place in consecrated ground provided that the person had not committed murder. In earlier times (pre 1752) it was not unusual for murderers to be buried under the gallows on which they had suffered. Dissection was removed from the statute book on the 1st of August 1832, by the Anatomy Act. The same act directed that the bodies of executed criminals belonged to the Crown and were now to be buried in the prison grounds in unmarked graves, often several to a grave to save space. Typically, the person was placed into a cheap pine coffin or even a sack and covered with quicklime, which was thought to hasten the process of decomposition of the body. This practice was later abandoned, as the quicklime was found to have a preserving effect. The Capital Punishment Amendment Act of 1868 required that a formal inquest be held after an execution and that the prisoner be buried within the grounds of the prison unless directed otherwise by the sheriff of the county. This practice continued up to abolition. After the inquest, the body was placed into the coffin, which had large holes bored in the sides and ends. The burial normally took place at lunchtime and was carried out by prison officers and overseen by the chaplain who conducted a simple burial service. The position of the grave was recorded in the Burial Register for the prison. Prisons in major cities soon had quite large graveyard areas. Where prisons were demolished for redevelopment the bodies were removed and buried elsewhere, normally in consecrated ground.’





Census information is Crown Copyright, from www.nationalarchives.gov.uk