Author Topic: Cheddar Man's DNA  (Read 10009 times)

Offline youngtug

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Re: Cheddar Man's DNA
« Reply #27 on: Thursday 08 February 18 23:43 GMT (UK) »
Quote
"Originally, we all had brown eyes," said Professor Hans Eiberg from the Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine. "But a genetic mutation affecting the OCA2 gene in our chromosomes resulted in the creation of a "switch," which literally "turned off" the ability to produce brown eyes." The OCA2 gene codes for the so-called P protein, which is involved in the production of melanin, the pigment that gives colour to our hair, eyes and skin. The "switch," which is located in the gene adjacent to OCA2 does not, however, turn off the gene entirely, but rather limits its action to reducing the production of melanin in the iris -- effectively "diluting" brown eyes to blue. The switch's effect on OCA2 is very specific therefore. If the OCA2 gene had been completely destroyed or turned off, human beings would be without melanin in their hair, eyes or skin colour -- a condition known as albinism.
From here; https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/01/080130170343.htm
.http://www.rootschat.com/links/05q2/   
  WILSON;-Wiltshire.
 SOUL;-Gloucestershire.
 SANSUM;-Berkshire-Wiltshire
 BASSON-BASTON;- Berkshire,- Oxfordshire.
 BRIDGES;- Wiltshire.
 DOWDESWELL;-Wiltshire,Gloucestershire
 JORDAN;- Berkshire.
 COX;- Berkshire.
 GOUDY;- Suffolk.
 CHATFIELD;-Sussex-- London
 MORGAN;-Blaenavon-Abersychan
 FISHER;- Berkshire.
 BLOMFIELD-BLOOMFIELD-BLUMFIELD;-Suffolk.
DOVE. Essex-London
YOUNG-Berkshire
ARDEN.
PINEGAR-COLLIER-HUGHES-JEFFERIES-HUNT-MOSS-FRY

Offline Cas (stallc)

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Re: Cheddar Man's DNA
« Reply #28 on: Thursday 08 February 18 23:54 GMT (UK) »
Fascinating stuff, will defo be watching the programme!

Think there is lots more in future years that will be revealed in DNA research, past & present. 

Cas
Census information is Crown Copyright www.nationalarchives.gov.uk

Squire/Thomas/Davies/Gibbons/Mordecai/Bowen/Lewis/Rees/Williams/Jones/Llewellyn/Morgan - Glamorgan
Lewis - Breckonshire
Davies/Roderick - Myddfai Carms
Lloyd/Jones - Denbigh/Salop
Thackwell/Thomas - Hereford/Monmouthshire
Shoemac/Squire/Keirle/Small - Somerset
Berry/Baggot/Lee/Clayton - Lancs
Yelland/Bray/Trethewey - Cornwall
Baggot/Hurley/Keaveny/Shiel/Flynn - Ireland

Offline Sinann

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Re: Cheddar Man's DNA
« Reply #29 on: Friday 09 February 18 00:42 GMT (UK) »
Do come back and tell those of us that won't be able to see the program. Please.

Offline Cas (stallc)

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Re: Cheddar Man's DNA
« Reply #30 on: Friday 09 February 18 00:46 GMT (UK) »
Do come back and tell those of us that won't be able to see the program. Please.

Will do, am sure lots of Rootschatters will be up for discussion  :o  :)

Cas
Census information is Crown Copyright www.nationalarchives.gov.uk

Squire/Thomas/Davies/Gibbons/Mordecai/Bowen/Lewis/Rees/Williams/Jones/Llewellyn/Morgan - Glamorgan
Lewis - Breckonshire
Davies/Roderick - Myddfai Carms
Lloyd/Jones - Denbigh/Salop
Thackwell/Thomas - Hereford/Monmouthshire
Shoemac/Squire/Keirle/Small - Somerset
Berry/Baggot/Lee/Clayton - Lancs
Yelland/Bray/Trethewey - Cornwall
Baggot/Hurley/Keaveny/Shiel/Flynn - Ireland


Offline Mowsehowse

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Re: Cheddar Man's DNA
« Reply #31 on: Friday 09 February 18 08:00 GMT (UK) »
Quote
"Originally, we all had brown eyes," said Professor Hans Eiberg from the Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine. "But a genetic mutation affecting the OCA2 gene in our chromosomes resulted in the creation of a "switch," which literally "turned off" the ability to produce brown eyes." The OCA2 gene codes for the so-called P protein, which is involved in the production of melanin, the pigment that gives colour to our hair, eyes and skin. The "switch," which is located in the gene adjacent to OCA2 does not, however, turn off the gene entirely, but rather limits its action to reducing the production of melanin in the iris -- effectively "diluting" brown eyes to blue. The switch's effect on OCA2 is very specific therefore. If the OCA2 gene had been completely destroyed or turned off, human beings would be without melanin in their hair, eyes or skin colour -- a condition known as albinism.
From here; https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/01/080130170343.htm

OK. Thank you. Really interesting.... but after this "creation of a "switch," which literally "turned off" the ability to produce brown eyes."  What happened then? Because on a global scale now the vast majority of humans have brown eyes, I think?

Not sure how reliable this information is:
https://www.quora.com/Whats-the-distribution-of-eye-colors-in-the-world
BORCHARDT in Poland/Germany, BOSKOWITZ in Czechoslovakia, Hungary + Austria, BUSS in Baden, Germany + Switzerland, FEKETE in Hungary + Austria, GOTTHILF in Hammerstein + Berlin, GUBLER, GYSI, LABHARDT & RYCHNER in Switzerland, KONIG & KRONER in Germany, PLACZEK, WUNSCH & SILBERBERG in Poland.

Also: ROWSE in Brixham, Tenby, Hull & Ramsgate. Strongman, in Falmouth. Champion. Coke. Eame/s. Gibbons. Passmore. Pulsever. Sparkes in Brixham & Ramsgate. Toms in Cornwall. Waymoth. Wyatt.

Offline ThrelfallYorky

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Re: Cheddar Man's DNA
« Reply #32 on: Friday 09 February 18 15:25 GMT (UK) »
That's what I meant earlier on in this post ... so much of the surface appearance of these reconstructions seems a little speculative, is it really possible to establish firmly the colour and tone of skin, and the texture and colour of hair, from dna samples? Could it be that the specimen, known and handled for so long, may even have held on it dna from other, later people in museums, etc.?
Mind you, I'll be there watching the programme, with the rest of you!
Threlfall (Southport), Isherwood (lancs & Canada), Newbould + Topliss(Derby), Keating & Cummins (Ireland + lancs), Fisher, Strong& Casson (all Cumberland) & Downie & Bowie, Linlithgow area Scotland . Also interested in Leigh& Burrows,(Lancashire) Griffiths (Shropshire & lancs), Leaver (Lancs/Yorks) & Anderson(Cumberland and very elusive)

Offline Lostris

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Re: Cheddar Man's DNA
« Reply #33 on: Friday 09 February 18 15:38 GMT (UK) »
That's what I meant earlier on in this post ... so much of the surface appearance of these reconstructions seems a little speculative, is it really possible to establish firmly the colour and tone of skin, and the texture and colour of hair, from dna samples? Could it be that the specimen, known and handled for so long, may even have held on it dna from other, later people in museums, etc.?
Mind you, I'll be there watching the programme, with the rest of you!



Great care is taken about 'contamination' - and in this case, they retrieved DNA from one of the tiny bones in the inner ear cavity, so should be good ....

Offline ThrelfallYorky

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Re: Cheddar Man's DNA
« Reply #34 on: Friday 09 February 18 16:32 GMT (UK) »
Ah, thanks for that - it's quite unlikely the inner ear bone's innards could be contaminated, then, isn't it?
Threlfall (Southport), Isherwood (lancs & Canada), Newbould + Topliss(Derby), Keating & Cummins (Ireland + lancs), Fisher, Strong& Casson (all Cumberland) & Downie & Bowie, Linlithgow area Scotland . Also interested in Leigh& Burrows,(Lancashire) Griffiths (Shropshire & lancs), Leaver (Lancs/Yorks) & Anderson(Cumberland and very elusive)

Offline pharmaT

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Re: Cheddar Man's DNA
« Reply #35 on: Saturday 10 February 18 17:52 GMT (UK) »
Quote
"Originally, we all had brown eyes," said Professor Hans Eiberg from the Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine. "But a genetic mutation affecting the OCA2 gene in our chromosomes resulted in the creation of a "switch," which literally "turned off" the ability to produce brown eyes." The OCA2 gene codes for the so-called P protein, which is involved in the production of melanin, the pigment that gives colour to our hair, eyes and skin. The "switch," which is located in the gene adjacent to OCA2 does not, however, turn off the gene entirely, but rather limits its action to reducing the production of melanin in the iris -- effectively "diluting" brown eyes to blue. The switch's effect on OCA2 is very specific therefore. If the OCA2 gene had been completely destroyed or turned off, human beings would be without melanin in their hair, eyes or skin colour -- a condition known as albinism.
From here; https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/01/080130170343.htm

OK. Thank you. Really interesting.... but after this "creation of a "switch," which literally "turned off" the ability to produce brown eyes."  What happened then? Because on a global scale now the vast majority of humans have brown eyes, I think?

Not sure how reliable this information is:
https://www.quora.com/Whats-the-distribution-of-eye-colors-in-the-world

This mutated gene is recessive which means that if someone carries the non-mutated gene then the switch to produce brown eyes will be on.  ie the individual has to inherit the 'blue eye gene' from both parents.  So someone with brown eyes could carry BB or Bb.  I have brown eyes, my ex had blue eyes, our daughter has blue eyes.  This means I have the Bb gene and she inherited b from me, my other daughter has brown eyes  so inherited my B gene. 

Note before anyone comments: this is a missively simplified explanation, I am aware that eye colour is overall a muti-allele characteristic.  Just attempting to explain in simple but scientific terms why brown eyes still outnumber blue.

Campbell, Dunn, Dickson, Fell, Forest, Norie, Pratt, Somerville, Thompson, Tyler among others