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England (Counties as in 1851-1901) => England => Lancashire => Topic started by: ValJJJ on Friday 19 November 21 17:28 GMT (UK)
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I have posted a question in the Canada section about a British Home Child sent to Canada, https://www.rootschat.com/forum/index.php?topic=855554.0, but realise it is probably better in the Lancashire section as the query is not about her Canadian life but about her English roots, since the family story is that she was from Manchester.
Here are the relevant bits from that post:
I have been contacted by someone (I’ll call her X) who has a DNA match to myself and a cousin. The amount of the match means the link is probably a good few generations back. X is descended from a British Home Child sent to Canada - but there is extremely limited information about her origins, so I'm hoping some of you can help with fresh places to search or some fresh insight.
Here is the info so far that X has collated, and given me permission to post here:
Millicent Alice Cox was born August 12, 1875 in England. Family history tells that she was an orphan who traveled to Canada at an early age, and was adopted. Some of her older children refer to her as Millicent Bellamy.
Millicent Cox age 7 is listed on the passenger record of the sailing ship Sarmatian that departed Liverpool, England on June 10, 1880, sailing for Canada in the company of Maria Rye. Millicent arrived in Quebec on June 21, 1880. From there, Maria Rye took the children in her charge to “Our Western Home” at Niagra on the Lake, Ontario. Canadian citizens applied to this home (and later others) and arranged to employ or adopt children.
I contacted a researcher* who is building a database of the Maria Rye children in Canada and he gave me this information:
“The 1880 Annual Report for Miss Rye’s Home for Destitute Little Girls contains an entry (no 29) which I believe may be your grandmother “M.B., aged 7; illegitimate, mother in very bad health. To Mr R.B., Farmer, Clarke near Newtonville, Ontario. Child adopted”. You will note that her initials are given as M.B. rather than M.C. – this sort of mistake sometimes happened as a result of a printer’s error, when the Annual Report was printed, but in this case may just be simple confusion because I note that the surname of the family that adopted her began with the letter “B”. I am also fairly confident that this entry refers to your grandmother because I have matched up all of the other children between the ships manifest and the entries in this Annual Report. To discover more about the Farmer with the initials R.B. who adopted her you will need to search the 1881 census, starting with Clarke near Newtonville, Ontario."
I found her, in Richard Bellamy’s household in Clarke, listed as “Melissa Cox” in the index to the census records. The 1891 Canadian census shows Millie with the Bellamy household listed as “Milla Bellamy” in the census index.
On July 16, 1984 1894 [edit]Millie married George Francis Prescott in Winnipeg. Millie lists her parents as Francis Cox (I don’t know who this is) and Sarah Parson (her adoptive mother - Richard Bellamy’s wife). Census records indicate they moved to the US in 1986 1896 [edit]. Millie’s death certificate states she died in Minot on August 28, 1943. Her obit included the info that 'Mrs. Francis, whose maiden name was Millicent Alice Cox, was born in Manchester, England, August 12, 1876. She was 2 years old when she was brot [sic] to Winnipeg, Man. Where she was reared. Her marriage to Mr. Francis [a veterinarian] was on July 12, 1894, in Winnipeg. Two years later they came to Minto, N.D. [sic] where they lived 2 years before moving to Bemidji, Minn. From Bemidji they came to Minot in 1902 [?] and Minot had been Mrs. Francis’ home continuously from that year until her passing.
*As the researcher is living, I’ll just give the initials C.S. as I think Maria Rye researchers will know who this is.
continued in next post
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As you can see there are discrepancies about her age at emigration, but the passenger list clearly shows her as 7 years old. She is in a list of children of various surnames and of various ages but the youngest were 6 years old, not 2 (2 seems extremely young to be shipped abroad?). Maria Rye sailed from Liverpool so it might be that Liverpool/Manchester were considered the child's place of birth as it's the last city she could remember. Maria Rye seems to have scooped up children from London in particular, taking children brought to her by relatives as well as the ones she took from homes. However according to https://www.bac-lac.gc.ca/eng/discover/immigration/immigration-records/home-children-1869-1930/home-children-guide/Pages/maria-rye.aspx#d she did take children from Kirkdale Industrial School, and Liverpool/Salford workhouses too and Salford adjoins Manchester.
Myself and cousin's common ancesters are Eliza Cox (b.1835 Northampton - d.1886 Wellingborough) and Charles Holmes (1830 Northampton – 1912 Wellingborough) married in 1855 in Raunds. Eliza was the oldest of 8 children of Thomas Cox and Frances Bull. Charles was one of 10 children all born in Northants of John Holmes (born Lancashire) and Sarah Brown (born Northants). We think our weaker genetic connection with X could be a generation earlier. There's nothing obvious on Eliza Cox's side of the family, who are mostly Northants based, but if Millicent was from Manchester, then a male relative of John Holmes, born in Broughton, Lancashire abt 1786 (according to the 1851 census), might be a candidate as her father, or one of his female relatives as her mother? John Holmes died in Northants in 1861.
We have looked up many spellings of Millie/Milli/Millicent plus or minus Alice, and Cocks and other similar sounding surnames, along with births of females in that month and the year range, but any found can be traced as later living/marrying in England so are not X’s grandmother. Neither have we arrived at many possibles regarding year and geography that could link with someone in our family. I have wondered whether there was a family connection between Millicent Alice and her new adoptive family – was her adoptive family (Bellamy and Parsons) related to her biological parents?
Whether the surname is a red herring in this case is anyone’s guess! Did Millicent Alice Cox take her surname from her mother or her father? Were her parents married or cohabiting and her father then died or the parents separated? Her mother was described as in poor health. Did she die soon after or recover, or was this a fabricated reason for removing the child? Was the child illegitimate or another excuse to take her away. Did she invent the name for a father when she married, giving her husband’s name in a panic?
John Holmes family in Broughton, Lancs and their whereabouts might give us some clues?
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Was John Holmes (born in Broughton, Lancashire according to the 1851 census) born in the Broughton that was part of Salford, or Broughton near Preston, or Broughton in Furness? The latter would not have fitted on the census form, but would it have been shortened by an enumerator in Northants with no knowledge of several Broughtons?
He was a currier according to the 1851 census, and on son Charles' marriage cert, his occupation was a currier as was Charles'.
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The first thing I can tell you is that there is no Millicent Cox born Lancashire registered 1870-1880 on freebmd - lancashirebmd or lan-opc ...check it out
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Yup, that's the problem, narrowing down a geographical area to find her. Or wrong surname recorded by Maria Rye? Or by the workhouse if she was in one, or by family friends who took her to Maria Rye, if they did. Perhaps her birthname wasn't Cox but she and her mother were known by a different surname. It feels like an impossible task doesn't it? Hence I think I'll pursue the Holmes posssibility.
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There is a Millicent Alice Smethurst born q2 in Manchester according to freeBMD. vol 8d p369 According to GRO, MMN was Harwood.
But checking deaths, the same name aged 2 died in Manchester in q1 1873.
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It is likely that her birth was never registered, it is a shame that she left England before appearing on a census.
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Wonder how common that was?
It's looking like DNA will sort it out, one day, when enough people have uploaded theirs.
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It was not unusual. Legislation for registration was amended mid 1870's to tighten up the system
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Pity.
I'll see what Salford library has in its archives for its workhouses. Shame the admission registers were destroyed, but there might be something in the minutes about packing off children with Maria Rye.
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On July 16, 1984 Millie married George Francis Prescott in Winnipeg. Millie lists her parents as Francis Cox (I don’t know who this is) and Sarah Parson (her adoptive mother - Richard Bellamy’s wife). Census records indicate they moved to the US in 1986.
Typos with dates. :)
1876 an Alice Cox was registered in Newton sub-district /civil parish, Manchester, mother's maiden surname Cox.
2 births registered in Preston district with mother's maiden surname Cox:
1875 Mary Cox
1876 Mary Cox
(Lancashire BMD)
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Liverpool University has a Mary Rye collection.
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Thanks Maiden Stone. I've edited those date typos - I noticed them myself today too. They were as sent to me and I didn't take much notice as not relevant to her origins.
Well spotted re the Alice Cox birth, and Mary is another angle. I had been searching for Millicent, thinking Alice might have been a later middle name and not registered. It's quite possible Alice was her registered name and then Millicent an afterthought. I've found quite a few in my family using names that were not given at registration. I'll see if that Alice Cox is recorded later than 1880 anywhere in England - if so then it won't be the mystery Millicent.
Re the Maria Rye collection at Liverpool, I think my genetic relative X has wrung all she can from that source, via the researcher. I think the passenger list is interesting as the children's names are not particularly in alphabetical or age order, so one avenue is to see if any of the other children came from a particular workhouse. Unfortunately the passenger list is very faint but just about legible.
I'm wondering about Francis Cox, alleged father. This could be a red herring or something to chase.
I'll also check the newspaper archive when next at a public library as there might just be something connected with these names.
The biggest clue is the DNA link, probably leading back beyond Charles Holmes with his father John born in Broughton, Lancs rather than his wife Eliza Cox.
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1876 an Alice Cox was registered in Newton sub-district /civil parish, Manchester, mother's maiden surname Cox.
2 births registered in Preston district with mother's maiden surname Cox:
1875 Mary Cox
1876 Mary Cox
(Lancashire BMD)
Alice Cox 1876 shown on FreeBMD as registered in Prestwich (which did swallow up Newton) but the birth was registered in Q1, whereas Millicent Alice Cox always gave her birthday as in August. Usually children know their birthday but perhaps that wasn't always the case?
I haven't found her in the death index up to 1880 so she is a possible. There are too many Alice Cox entries to see if this particular one married in England, which would eliminate her.
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I’m revisiting this puzzle after some while.
I did look at the other children in the party to see if there was anything they had in common but the ones that I could find in birth records were from all over the country. Of course they might not be the right girls.
[additional info edit] https://www.bac-lac.gc.ca/eng/discover/immigration/immigration-records/passenger-lists/passenger-lists-quebec-port-1865-1900/Pages/image.aspx?Image=e003539365&URLjpg=http%3a%2f%2fcentral.bac-lac.gc.ca%2f.item%2f%3fid%3de003539365%26op%3dimg&Ecopy=e003539365
Odd that the party includes a [edit] 70 72-year old, unless that is a clerical or transcription error. [edit]The transcription says 'Isabella, WA??, Female, 72'. Why was she with them? A nurse? A companion for Maria Rye? Has her name popped up before? [edit] I’m assuming WA are initials for her surname or perhaps I’ve misread the entry. Looks like it could be the first two letters of her name? Walker perhaps? I tried looking in the 1871 census but not got anywhere using LDS [edit] with WA.
The passenger list is hard to read- perhaps she was Canadian.
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Odd that the party includes a 72-year old, unless that is a clerical or transcription error . ... Why was she with them? A nurse? A companion for Maria Rye?
Perhaps a matron type person to help look after the children on the voyage . She may have been an employee of the charity or been connected to it, or she may have been recruited for the voyage if she had already planned to travel. Those are just suggestions. Was her occupation recorded?
How many children were in Maria Rye's party?
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36 including some boys. [edit] think I’ve misread the columns so all girls and perhaps ticks are for different age groups. The headings are blurred.
I’ve just been to the library to access the passenger list images in the hope of seeing trancsriptions but Ancestry doesn’t transcribe them. The Canadian website does but I haven’t worked out how to see a list for one page yet. Perhaps it’s not possible.
[edit] there aren’t any details such as occupation.
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I found the line and it could be Isabella Walker or Baker. It does look like 72 not 12 but she is amongst the list of children (who are not in alphabetical or age order). Those in their thirties are at the end of the list.
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I've had another look using Photoshop to tweak a bit, and zoom in, which shows the '72' is '12' but there's an ink dot or mark to left so looking more like a 7 .
That's that one solved then!
And I think it's Isabella Baker but hard to read.
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On searching https://www.britishhomechildrenregistry.com/, using just Isabella and arrival year of 1880, I found Isabella Watson on the Sarmatian via Maria Rye, so someone has managed to read the names!
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Finally found a list of all the Maria Rye children here: https://www.notlmuseum.ca/research/british-home-children and then click on the database of Niagra on the Lake for a pdf.
It's easy to search for Jun 1880 and see who was on that passenger list and where they ended up. I'll try again with searching for individuals' births to see if there is any commonality between them that might pinpoint Millicent Cox's location in England.