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Thanks so much everyone -that’s been really helpful and very much appreciated.

I have looked into this family in great detail as Charles Kayes and Mary Long were some of my gg grandparents. 
Various spellings of the surnames are used over the years -  Keys, Keyes, Keyse and ultimately Kayes.It gets very confusing but the 1841 census when the parents Thomas and Mary are living in the canal houses in Pontnewynydd is the clue. I believe Mary Thomas was originally Mary Williams, and married to but separated from her then husband John Thomas - he didn’t die until 1867 which is when Thomas / Mary ultimately married in Llantarnam.  Until then although living together from about 1840,  they were not legally married.
Charles born 1846 didn’t survive and died 1846; Charles Kayes 1849 lived, had many children, was a colliery blacksmith and died 1905 and is my ancestor.
His father Thomas Keys/Kayes is the really interesting character. I think he came from Coleford in the Forest of Dean with his father William and their family sometime between about 1808 and 1815. (Their earlier history in the Forest of Dean can also be traced - too complicated to explain here). The father William was also a blacksmith and in the Pontypool area they were originally living in Panteg parish - I suspect they may have been at the ironworks around Blaendare. Thomas has a brother William also a blacksmith. I believe Thomas was a chartist and was the Thomas Keys indicted to the Monmouthshire Special Assize commission in December 1839 that dealt with the Newport riots / Chartist uprising. This was on a charge of stealing beer. Furthermore I think he was the Thomas Keys who in 1842 was indicted for stealing iron from the ironworks and sentenced to 6 months hard labour in the House of correction in Usk at the Monmouthshire assizes. This would be in the decade of great local and National hardship - the “Hungry Forties”. Details of these cases can be found by searching in the Welsh newspapers online pages of the National library of Wales website. I can give much more detail if you wish - it’s a fascinating story.

Thanks for the prompt reply - good to hear from you also.
As regards Evan Morris, did you know there is a report in the Cambrian in 1833.
"Beer Houses - Caution.  Evan Morris, retail seller of beer, in the parish of Monkswood, Monmouthshire, has been duly convicted before Rev. J.B. Davies and Rev. A Gabb, in the mitigated penalty of 2l. and costs, for having knowingly suffered unlawful games and gaming on his premises on Sunday, the 5th day of May last."
Presumably Evan ran the beer house alongside his other (presumably main) occupation.
The 1830 Beer Act created beer houses.  I think beer houses were controlled by the excise department and as long as some simple conditions were met, beer house licenses were granted automatically and were often just a single room in a house. They could only sell beer. Fully-licensed pubs were regulated by local magistrates, who could grant and revoke licenses. They had longer opening hours and could sell spirits.

Great - and thanks so much.
This is really quite exciting for me as my grandfather told me about 60 years ago that he thought the family were originally from Ireland...... and so this Joseph may  potentially  be the one who left Ireland for Bristol.

Thats really interesting - thank you.  I did know the Bromsgrove baptism details.  Its his marriage and "Sarah" that has foxed me.  The thought of him in 1819 marrying Sarah Cook - a widow - is intriguing  but does raise other issues. It doesnt easily fit with George and Sarah having a daughter Eliza baptised in Broome 7 Sep 1817 (she is definitely a sister as she was married in Wolverley on the same day in 1845 alongside her sister Mary's marriage); Eliza gives Clent as her place of birth on subsequent censuses.