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I am searching for information on David Jones, Sarah Morgan and William Phillips, which I understand are among the most common names in Wales.
 
My clue to start in Carmarthen is that George Westinghouse Jones, first cousin of the famous American inventor George Westinghouse, named his home in Schenectady, New York, "Caermarthen" in honour of the ancestry of his second wife, Sarah Phillips, and himself, since his grandparents and Sarah's great grandparents were the same:
David Jones, b. 1792 and Sarah Morgan, b. 1794.

Their eldest child, William Morgan Jones, was born in 1821 in New York, so it's logical to assume that David and Sarah married and emigrated from Wales sometime around 1810-1820. Their other children's names were Jonah, David M., Margaret and Sarah R.

The only other clue I have to their identity is that Sarah Morgan's mother was named Margaret, b. 1768. In 1850 she was living with her daughter and son-in-law in New York.

Sarah Phillips' great grandfather, William Phillips, was born somewhere in Wales in 1789. He spent several decades working as a linen merchant near Belfast before immigrating to Canada in 1847.

I don't know where to start, so I'd be grateful for any help with my quest.

I finally discovered the grave of Robert Marshall in Cedar Creek Cemetery in North Dumfries, Waterloo County, Ontario. It is possible that he was the first person buried there in 1834, shortly after immigrating to the area (listed as #1 by the Ontario Genealogical Society in Cedar Creek's list). Buried next to him was "Jane, wife of Robert Anderson". She died in 1854. Robert Anderson was also buried in the cemetery, but records were lost due to a fire. He died in 1879 and his gravestone is missing. But suddenly it made sense. Jane Elliott, widow of Robert Marshall, married Robert Anderson, and he buried her next to her first husband. Their granddaughter was named Jane, and their grandson was John Elliott. Jane's Marshall children and her Anderson children were half-brothers and -sisters, which is why the various Anderson/Marshall children called themselves cousins.

I’m stuck! I have circumstantial evidence that my ggg grandfather Robert Anderson (1805-1879) married an Elliott, but the 1851 census in their area (North Dumfries, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada) no longer exists, and he was a widower by 1861. The cemetery where she might have been buried only lists first names and married names, and a baptismal record for one of their sons only states the baby’s name. I’m hoping that someone in the area of Hawick will have access to marriage records and can help me discover the name of my ggg grandmother.

Here’s what I have documented through censuses and personal letters from William, Alexander and Hannah’s son, Thomas Johnstone:

Father: William Anderson (1765 – 1843-04-01)
Mother: Jane Armstrong (1775 - ?)

Children:
Robert (1805 – 1879-05-24)
Alexander (1807 – 1861)
Hannah (1816 - ?)
Adam (1810 – 1860-05-00)

I suspect that other siblings, possibly James, William, John and George immigrated to Canada with Robert in 1834.

Here’s the circumstantial evidence regarding Robert’s wife being an Elliott:

• Robert’s son James named his first daughter Mabel Elliott.
• Robert’s second son John named his son John Elliott.
• Son John’s daughter Jane (aka Jenny) named her second son Kenneth Elliott.
• Jenny and Fanny Eaglesham always called themselves cousins, and Fanny’s grandmother was Jane Elliott.
• Those Elliott siblings who emigrated* settled near Robert Anderson.

I suspect that Robert’s wife was a sister of Jane Elliott, perhaps Helen or Margaret, and possibly Jessie Janet. Here’s what I have on the Elliott’s who were from Stanishwater, Westerkirk Parish, Dumfriesshire, Scotland:

Mother: William Elliott (1779-07-31 – 1855-07-10)
Mother: Jane Jardine (1781 – 1859-05-24)

Children:
John (1803-05-18 - ?)
Henry (1803 – 1803)
Jane* (1805-10-24 – 1854) m. Robert Marshall
Henry* (1807-11-18 – 1894-01-26)
Andrew* (1809-04-03 – 1896-04-28)
Robert Laidlaw* (1810-10-17 - ?)
Helen (1812-03-04 - ?)
Margaret (1813-09-13 - ?)
Isabella (1815-09-11 - ?) m. Robert Grieve
Agnes (1818-03-02 - ?) m. Adam Grieve
Jessie Janet (1820-01-28 - ?)
Mary (1823 – 1824-07-30) d. Scotland