As a stonemason you must be able to:
* estimate the quantity of materials required by measuring surfaces or reviewing a work order;
* interpret drawings and blueprints and calculate the materials required;
* measure from an established starting point and construct corners first, using a plumb line and mason's level to ensure each layer will be level from corner to corner;
* cut and shape stones or other masonry materials using machine or hand tools, taking into account the characteristics of the stone being used;
* cut and polish granite and marble for use in construction, such as kitchen bench tops ;
* design, cut and carve monumental masonry, such as memorial tablets and bases for statues, using templates for detailed work and a variety of chisels, punches and hammers depending on the type of stone being used;
* cut lettering into stonework by marking out the letters, and then cutting or chiselling them with hand-held tools or sandblasting equipment;
* construct walls using stone slabs and large masonry slab blocks;
* lay stone paving, granite or marble floor tiles;
* fix stone facades to buildings;
* repair and replace stonework on old buildings, churches and monuments;
* remove excess fixing agents after the masonry material is in position;
* use a hammer and chisel or masonry saw to cut stone to fit, as required.
I would say a proper Stone Mason is a pretty skilled individual. If you had that skill then I would reckon you would be pretty clued up in the method of road building or doing most things with stone however most ordinary people would not reasonably assume that a person described as a stone cutter would be involved in carving etc or realising a concept ( IMO)
Stonemasons Guild is probably one of the oldest.