Hi,
I'm not sure that the marriage in 1878 found by Jomot is the right one. The 1891 and 1901 census give Catherine/Kate's age as 1863 that would make her only 15 in 1878.
I think that the 1878 marriage could belong to this couple showing in Shoreditch in 1881,
1881 RG11/408 f.29 p.5 Shoreditch
71 Angrave St
Charles HUNT Head 31 Paper Hanger Middlx St Lukes
Catherine Wife 28 (formerly a machinist) " Hackney
Henry Son 2 " Shoreditch
Amelia Daur 6m " "
This Catherine could be the Catherine A GREEN b.1853, Hackney, living in South Hackney in 1861, RG9/164 f.6 p.9
Sorry that this could be bad news but better to be sure than sorry

Unfortunately I can't see another marriage that would fit your Catherine and Charles. I agree with Jomot that getting Catherine Jnr's birth cert. might be the only way to be sure who her mother is.
Regards,
Daisy