A few more things to throw at the wall and see if they stick:
is this Samuel in 1880? If so, he named his first son Henry.
https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:M4V4-8SW
Why do you say he died in 1882 in Georgia? Could this be him in 1900?
https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:M9DL-ZPT
If so, is this his death in 1923? The image might list skin color.
https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:JXCX-F3T
Are these two of his daughters, in 1920?
https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:MXD4-XSX
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Henry S Urquhart, 1850, Montgomery County, but it only says "Second District"
https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:MH5Z-NNV
does the slave owner record have a better location? is it near Dublin, Alabama, where Samuel seems to be in 1880?
a bit of a family tree for Henry:
https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LXM8-JW1
Have you found Samuel in 1870? Lots of ex-slaves were skipped in 1870, according to what I have heard. And I haven't found him yet.
Hey, sorry for the late reply. I did take a look into the "Second District" and it looks like the Judge Henry Snowden Urquhart is the same Henry Urquhart from the slave census. I apologies about my initial post, with Alexander / Georgia as I had gotten misinformation and was following the wrong branch of the Urquhart tree and hence why I was getting confused. I'm fairy confident that Judge Henry was the Urquhart owner of Samuel in his youth
I couldn't find any additional slave record aside from the 1850 but the Dublin isn't too far away from Pike where I found Judge Henry Urquhart.
Samuel's death date I found was in 1923 and in Montgomery Alabama so that matches up correctly. Sam's first child I had is James Henry (but Henry can be right as well.) He did have a son named Tom and Sam's daughter is Jane as well. I found a census from 1880 that has Sam living in Dublin with his family, so I'm confident that he stayed around after being freed.
Also, thank you for detailed index on slave and plantation records. Appreciate it!