A George Robert CHARLTON (23) married Phyllis THOMPSON (21) on 19 Sept 1891 at Hexham. His father - John CHARLTON, her's Wiliam THOMPSON. (Again, not looking at the image, only on the index at Ancestry.)
They can be found on the 1901 census at Hexham:
George R CHARLTON 32 Hexham (railway engine driver)
Phyliis 30 Hexham
RG13/4824 pg 18
In 1891it looks like George is in Hexham, boarding in a hotel (23, St John Lee, railway stoker)
RG12/4247 pg11
I think George and Phyllis travel to Sydney, Australia in 1903 on the Orontes (Mr G R CHARLTON, 34, engine driver) and Mrs CHARLTON (32), though it says "Scotch". They end up in New Zealand where George Robert dies on 28 Sept 1910. This obit mentions that he had recently travelled back to his home town of Wall, Hexham-on-Tyne.
http://www.rootschat.com/links/01qkz/(Whilst it looks possible, I'm not certain about the above.
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Whilst this does look like your George Robert CHARLTON, I think it needs a bit more investigation, being a common name I think you need to rule out a few other possibilities.
It also doesn't really help you with who his father is ... It would be interesting to see the image of the marriage to check if there was any further information that may be helpful. And again, as there was no father recorded on his birth registration (or baptism), he may not have known who his father was. And he may not have had the same father as Emily Adelaide.
I can't seem to find George Robert in 1881.