It is intussusception and is a very serious issue and much less treatable in those days than it is today.
'Intussusception (in-tuh-suh-SEP-shun) is a serious condition in which part of the intestine slides into an adjacent part of the intestine. This telescoping action often blocks food or fluid from passing through. Intussusception also cuts off the blood supply to the part of the intestine that's affected.'
If blockage/s occur it can lead to bowel perforation, septicaemia and/or peritonitis.
While all manner of bowel blockages/perforations can be treated these days (still a major operation or procedure) in those days it would have been an agonisingly painful way to die.