I had a search through the list, and the ages listed are all 21 and under, with one person I saw who was 22. So if no age is listed next to your James I assume he would have been over 21.
Not sure if helps directly, but here is part of an email I was sent by Bruce Bishop, the compiled of the index, as a reply to some questions I had about the census:
Dear Tunji
I am glad that you found the 1834 list useful, it took me many weeks to transcribe it. It makes it worth it when people find something of use.
The original is now available in the National Archives of Scotland, Princes Street, Edinburgh under the Reference CH2/84/46-47
There was no indication of the precise date during the year on which this was made, but in most parishes such lists were either made prior to the Easter Communion or the Autumn Communion Services. It would have been compiled by the Kirk Elders, to include the people of the area for which they had responsibility, so that they could identify those who should be attending Communion, in order that they could impose financial penalties on those who did not attend.
The Schools columns identify the school which children attended either during the Week, or the Sabbath Schools. The Benbo School was one of the Private Schools (as opposed to the Parochial School) which was operated by the schoolmistress Mrs Benbo. These schools would have taught vey basic reading and writing, a little arithmetic, and often knitting and sewing.
[...]
best wishes
Bruce B Bishop
