Trish, I can only say thank you once again for all this amazing information! It really does seem like this Henry Patrick/Pattrick was the father of James, linking up the fact that his father's name was Henry with the marriage record of Henry and the note about being transported...
I would have to visit the Norfolk Record Office to look for more details about his conviction, but following your lead, I have found a record for him in Australia! The convict muster of those arriving on the Moffatt lists Henry Pattrick, 45, a farm servant from Norfolk, Protestant, able to read and write, married, no former convictions but convicted for life for stealing cattle. It even gives a physical description of him, including his height in feet and inches. This is the most detail I have ever found about an ancestor, so very exciting to see! I suspect that certain older members of my family are going to be slightly shocked though...
The only thing that does not match up is James changing his name to Watts - it would be easy to say that it was through shame at his father's crime, but Henry was transported in 1836, and in 1850 James was still living in Norfolk under his own name because his son Samuel was baptised then. The change must have taken place between Samuel's baptism, and the taking of the census in 1851, around fifteen years after Henry's transportation, which suggests that James had a different reason for this...
Also interesting that when Frances got married in 1866, she used her real name, and gave her father's name as James PATRICK.