You might also find that Staffordshire Record Office have records from Stafford Jail - giving details of sentence etc. Once you have worked out when Thomas entered prison, you might be able to check local newspapers for details of the trial etc.
Also, Ancestry have criminal registers on line - I had a quick look and there are a few Thomas Shaws knocking about in Staffordshire, but as yet I haven't seen one who I think is definitely yours!